Cronus

Κρόνος

Ringkasan

Cronus atau Kronos adalah Titan dalam mitologi Yunani, raja para Titan dan dewa waktu yang menggulingkan ayahnya, menelan anak-anaknya, lalu digulingkan Zeus.

Cronus or Kronos is a Titan of Greek mythology, king of the Titans and a god of time, who deposed his father, swallowed his children, and was overthrown by Zeus.

Kisah dan tradisi

Cronus atau Kronos adalah Titan, putra bungsu Uranus dan Gaia. Menurut Hesiodos, ia anak yang terakhir lahir dan paling mengerikan, dan ia membenci ayahnya. Dengan sabit, ia menggulingkan Uranus dan menjadi raja pertama dunia; Theoi menyebutnya raja para Titan dan dewa waktu, terutama waktu sebagai kekuatan yang menghancurkan dan melahap segalanya. Ia biasanya digambarkan membawa harpe, arit, atau sabit. Pemerintahan Cronus dianggap Zaman Keemasan, masa tanpa penyakit, kelaparan, atau kesulitan, dan ia juga memerintah Kepulauan Orang Berbahagia. Ia menikahi Rhea dan mempunyai enam anak: Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, Poseidon, dan Zeus. Karena takut digulingkan anaknya, Cronus menelan setiap anak yang lahir; Hesiodos mencatat bahwa ia mengetahui takdir itu dari Bumi dan Langit. Rhea menyelamatkan Zeus dengan menyembunyikannya di Kreta dan memberi Cronus batu terbungkus kain untuk ditelan. Zeus kemudian memaksa Cronus memuntahkan saudara-saudaranya; Hesiodos menyebut Cronus terperdaya saran Bumi, sedangkan sumber lain menyebut ramuan yang dibawa Zeus. Perang sepuluh tahun pun dimulai antara para Titan dari Gunung Othrys dan para dewa dari Gunung Olympus. Nasib Cronus setelah kekalahan berbeda-beda menurut kisah: satu versi menyebutnya mengembara sendirian untuk mengukur keabadian, versi lain menyebut ia dikirim ke Tartarus, dan versi lain lagi menyebut Zeus membebaskannya dan menjadikannya raja Kepulauan Orang Berbahagia. Ia dipuja antara lain di Bukit Cronus di Olympia dan melalui festival Kronia, dan dikaitkan dengan Saturnus, Geb, Ēl, dan Kumarbi.

Cronus or Kronos is a Titan, the youngest son of Uranus and Gaia. According to Hesiod, he was the last born and most terrible of the children, and he hated his father. With a sickle he deposed Uranus and became the world's first king; Theoi calls him king of the Titans and a god of time, especially time as a destructive, all-devouring force. He is usually depicted with a harpe, scythe, or sickle. Cronus's rule was regarded as the Golden Age, a time without disease, hunger, or hardship, and he also ruled the Isles of the Blessed. He married Rhea and had six children: Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, Poseidon, and Zeus. Fearing overthrow by his children, Cronus swallowed each child as it was born; Hesiod records that he learned this fate from Earth and Heaven. Rhea saved Zeus by hiding him on Crete and giving Cronus a swaddled stone to swallow. Zeus later forced Cronus to disgorge his siblings; Hesiod says Cronus was beguiled by Earth's suggestions, while another source describes a mixture Zeus brought him. A ten-year war then began between the Titans from Mount Othrys and the gods from Mount Olympus. Accounts of Cronus's fate after defeat differ: one has him wander the world alone measuring out eternity, another has him sent to Tartarus, and another has Zeus free him and make him king of the Isles of the Blessed. He was worshipped at, among other places, the Hill of Cronus at Olympia and through the festival of the Kronia, and is linked with the Roman god Saturn, Geb, Ēl, and Kumarbi.

Konteks budaya

Cronus menerima persembahan di Bukit Cronus di Olympia, memiliki kuil di Gadir dan Athena, dan dihormati dalam festival Kronia. Cronus kemungkinan semula dewa panen, dan bulan panen di banyak daerah Yunani dinamai Cronion menurut namanya. Bangsa Romawi memadukannya dengan Saturnus dan memandangnya secara lebih positif.

Cronus received offerings at the Hill of Cronus in Olympia, had temples at Gadir and Athens, and was honoured in the Kronia festival. He was likely originally a harvest god, and the harvest month in many parts of Greece was named Cronion after him. The Romans conflated him with Saturn and took a more positive view of him.

Fakta utama

Budaya / Culture: Mitologi Yunani
Kawasan / Region: Eropa
Klasifikasi / Classification: Deity
Kemampuan / Abilities: Berubah wujud, Sabit (harpe), Ranah: waktu dan panen

Nama lain / Alternate names

Kronos

Tahukah kamu? / Did you know?

Pada 2017, bintang HD 240430 dijuluki Kronus setelah teramati melahap planet-planet di sekelilingnya.

In 2017, the star HD 240430 was nicknamed Kronus after it was observed eating the planets around it.