Zhu Bajie

豬八戒

Zhu Bajie
Ilustrasi editorial · interpretasi artistik AI

Ringkasan

Zhu Bajie adalah tokoh novel klasik Tiongkok Journey to the West: monster humanoid setengah manusia setengah babi, bekas marsekal langit yang dibuang ke bumi, lalu menjadi murid kedua Tang Sanzang dengan garu bergigi sembilan sebagai senjatanya.

Zhu Bajie is a character of the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West: a half-human, half-pig humanoid monster, a former heavenly marshal cast down to earth, who becomes a disciple of Tang Sanzang with a nine-toothed rake as his weapon.

Kisah dan tradisi

Zhu Bajie adalah tokoh sastra dari novel Journey to the West, yang terbit pada abad ke-16 pada masa dinasti Ming dan dikaitkan dengan Wu Cheng'en. Ia salah satu dari tiga murid Tang Sanzang, bersama Sun Wukong dan Sha Heshang, dan digambarkan sebagai monster humanoid yang sebagian manusia dan sebagian babi. Menurut teks novel, ia dahulu Marsekal Tianpeng dari Sungai Langit. Karena mabuk dan menggoda Chang'e, ia dihukum Kaisar Giok dan dibuang ke bumi, lalu salah masuk ke rahim babi betina. Di gunung Fuling ia tinggal di gua Yunzhan dan hidup dengan memakan manusia, sampai Guanyin menahbiskannya dengan nama Zhu Wuneng dan menyuruhnya menunggu pengambil sutra. Di desa keluarga Gao, ia menjadi menantu yang awalnya berupa pria gemuk berkulit gelap lalu berubah menjadi sosok berwajah babi, sebelum Sun Wukong menaklukkannya. Tang Sanzang lalu menambahkan nama Bajie, "delapan pantangan", dan ia bergabung dalam perjalanan itu dengan garu bergigi sembilan di tangan. Novel dan ulasan menggambarkannya serakah makan, malas, dan mudah tergoda perempuan, tetapi juga rendah hati terhadap Sun Wukong, lembut hati hingga sering membujuk Sun Wukong melepaskan iblis, dan mahir bertarung di air. Di akhir novel ia tidak menjadi buddha melainkan Pembersih Altar, karena masih terikat keinginan rendahnya.

Zhu Bajie is a literary character from Journey to the West, a novel that appeared in the 16th century under the Ming dynasty and is credited to Wu Cheng'en. He is one of Tang Sanzang's three disciples, with Sun Wukong and Sha Heshang, and is portrayed as a humanoid monster who is part human and part pig. According to the novel text he was once Marshal Tianpeng of the Heavenly River. For flirting with Chang'e while drunk he was punished by the Jade Emperor and cast down to earth, where he entered a sow's womb. On Fuling mountain he lived in the Yunzhan cave and survived by eating people, until Guanyin ordained him with the name Zhu Wuneng and told him to wait for the scripture seeker. In the Gao family's village he lived as a son-in-law who first appeared as a dark, stout man and then changed into a pig-faced creature, until Sun Wukong subdued him. Tang Sanzang then added the name Bajie, "eight restraints", and he joined the journey with a nine-toothed rake in hand. The novel and its commentary portray him as greedy for food, lazy and easily tempted by women, yet respectful toward Sun Wukong, soft-hearted enough to urge Sun Wukong to release demons, and skilled at fighting in water. At the end of the novel he does not become a buddha but the Altar Cleanser, because he remains attached to his base desires.

Konteks budaya

Dalam pengantar terjemahannya tahun 1913, Timothy Richard menafsirkan si Babi sebagai lambang naluri yang tak terkendali; ini tafsiran penerjemah. Wikipedia mencatat bahwa gelar Marshal Tianpeng berasal dari pemujaan bintang Tao kuno, dan bahwa kini di Taiwan serta bagian lain Asia Timur ia dipandang sebagai dewa pelindung pemijat, pramuria, dan pekerja seks.

In the introduction to his 1913 translation Timothy Richard interprets the Pig as personating irrepressible instincts; this is the translator's interpretation. Wikipedia records that the title Marshal Tianpeng comes from ancient Taoist star worship, and that today some in Taiwan and elsewhere in East Asia regard him as a patron deity of masseuses, hostesses and prostitutes.

Fakta utama

Budaya / Culture
Mitologi Tiongkok
Kawasan / Region
Asia Timur
Negara / Country
China
Era
Character of a 16th-century Ming dynasty novel; appears earlier in theatrical plays of the Yuan and early Ming dynasties
Klasifikasi / Classification
Hybrid
Habitat
Mountain
Kemampuan / Abilities
36 perubahan wujud, Bepergian dengan awan, Mengendalikan angin, Garu bergigi sembilan, Bertarung di bawah air

Nama lain / Alternate names

豬悟能, Zhu Wuneng, 豬剛鬣, Zhu Gāngliè, 天蓬元帥, 淨壇使者, 呆子, Tiānpéng, Pa Kiei

Tahukah kamu? / Did you know?

Menurut novel, ia sekali makan menghabiskan tiga hingga lima dou nasi, dan sarapan ringannya pun butuh seratusan kue panggang.

According to the novel he eats three to five dou of rice at a single meal, and even his light breakfast takes a hundred or so baked cakes.

Makhluk terkait / Related beings

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