Prometheus
Ringkasan
Prometheus adalah Titan dalam mitologi Yunani yang dikenal licik, memberikan api kepada manusia, dan dihukum Zeus.
Prometheus is a Greek Titan known for his cleverness, who gave fire to humans and was punished by Zeus.
Kisah dan tradisi
Prometheus adalah Titan dalam mitologi Yunani yang dikenal licik dan terkenal karena memberi manusia api dan keterampilan menempa logam. Namanya biasanya diartikan "pemikiran ke depan". Menurut Hesiodos, ayahnya adalah Iapetus dan ibunya Clymene, sedangkan sumber lain menyebut Themis atau Iapetus dan Asia. Dalam Perang Titan, ia berpindah pihak dan mendukung para dewa Olimpus. Dalam beberapa tradisi ia membentuk manusia pertama dari tanah liat, dan menurut Apollodorus dari air dan tanah. Ia mencuri api dari bengkel Hephaistos dan Athena, menyembunyikannya dalam batang adas, lalu memberikannya kepada manusia. Versi lain menyebut ia lebih dulu mencoba menipu Zeus dengan pembagian daging kurban di Mecone, sehingga Zeus mengambil api dari manusia. Zeus memerintahkan Hephaestus memaku atau mengikat Prometheus di Gunung Kaukasus. Seekor elang memakan hatinya setiap hari, dan hati itu tumbuh kembali pada malam hari. Hesiodos menambahkan bahwa sebuah tiang ditusukkan melalui tengah tubuhnya. Herakles akhirnya membunuh elang itu dan membebaskannya. Dalam Prometheus Bound karya Aeschylus, Prometheus berkata bahwa ia membuat manusia berakal, mengajari mereka membaca bintang, dan menemukan kendaraan pelaut. Prometheus dipuja di Athena, terutama oleh para pembuat tembikar, dan di sana diadakan lomba obor tahunan untuk menghormatinya.
Prometheus is a Greek Titan with a reputation for cleverness, famous for giving humans fire and the skill of metalwork. His name is usually understood to mean "forethought". According to Hesiod his father was Iapetus and his mother Clymene, while other sources name Themis or give Iapetus and Asia as parents. In the war of the Titans he switched sides and supported the Olympians. In some traditions he made the first human from clay, and according to Apollodorus from water and earth. He stole fire from the workshop of Hephaistos and Athena, hid it in a fennel stalk, and gave it to humans. Another version says he first tried to trick Zeus with the division of sacrificial meat at Mecone, so that Zeus took fire away from humans. Zeus ordered Hephaestus to nail or bind Prometheus to Mount Caucasus. An eagle ate his liver each day, and it grew back at night. Hesiod adds that a shaft was driven through his middle. Heracles finally killed the eagle and freed him. In Aeschylus's Prometheus Bound, Prometheus says he gave humans reason, taught them to read the stars, and invented the mariner's vessel. Prometheus was worshipped in Athens, particularly by potters, where an annual torch race was held in his honour.
Konteks budaya
Prometheus dipuja terutama di Athena, tempat ia dikaitkan dengan Athena dan Hephaestus, dewa-dewi keterampilan kreatif dan teknologi. Para pembuat tembikar memujanya dan lomba obor tahunan diadakan untuk menghormatinya. Dalam tradisi klasik Barat, ia kemudian menjadi lambang usaha manusia, dan Mary Shelley memberi novelnya Frankenstein judul alternatif The Modern Prometheus.
Prometheus was worshipped mainly in Athens, where he was linked with Athena and Hephaestus, deities of creative skills and technology. Potters venerated him and an annual torch race was held in his honour. Mary Shelley later gave her novel Frankenstein the alternate title The Modern Prometheus.
Fakta utama
- Budaya / Culture
- Mitologi Yunani
- Kawasan / Region
- Eropa
- Klasifikasi / Classification
- Legendary Figure
- Kemampuan / Abilities
- Peramal serba tahu, Pencipta dan guru keterampilan, Kelicikan
Tahukah kamu? / Did you know?
Prometheus dipuja di Athena, terutama oleh para pembuat tembikar yang membutuhkan api untuk tungku mereka, dan setiap tahun diadakan lomba obor untuk menghormatinya.
Prometheus was worshipped in Athens, particularly by potters who needed fire for their kilns, and an annual torch race was held in his honour.