Neptune
Ringkasan
Neptune adalah dewa laut Romawi yang berpadanan dengan Poseidon Yunani. Ia bersaudara dengan Jupiter dan Pluto, memegang trisula yang dapat memunculkan gelombang dan badai, dan semula terkait air tawar.
Neptune is the Roman god of the sea and counterpart of Greek Poseidon. A brother of Jupiter and Pluto, he wields a trident that can raise waves and storms, and he was originally linked to fresh water.
Kisah dan tradisi
Neptune adalah dewa laut Romawi dan padanan Poseidon dari Yunani. Menurut salah satu sumber, ia mulanya dewa air tawar yang sejak awal sejarah Romawi dikaitkan dengan Poseidon, dan sumber lain menyebut ia kemungkinan dikaitkan dengan mata air tawar sebelum laut. Ia putra Saturnus dan Ops, suami Salacia, dan dalam tradisi bernuansa Yunani saudara Jupiter dan Pluto. Ketiganya mengundi wilayah kekuasaan: Neptune mendapat laut, Pluto dunia bawah, dan Jupiter langit. Neptune dikisahkan berdiam di istana emas di dasar laut dan menjadi penguasa bagi dewa-dewi laut, nimfa, dan segala makhluk laut. Sebuah arca perunggu Romawi di The Met semula menampilkannya bersandar pada trisula. Ia menunggang lumba-lumba atau kerang raksasa bersama istrinya, ditarik paus dan kuda laut serta dikawal putranya Triton. Trisulanya disebut mampu memecah batu, mengangkat gelombang, membentuk perairan baru, dan memanggil badai. Sumber lama berbeda soal perangainya: Ovidius menyebut wajahnya selalu muram, sedangkan Virgil menyebutnya berperangai lembut. Dalam kisah-kisahnya Neptune menciptakan kuda pertama dengan trisulanya dalam perlombaan dengan Minerva, mengirim banjir ke Troya setelah Raja Laomedon menolak membayar, dan mengirim banteng indah kepada Minos lalu menghukumnya. Dalam Aeneid ia menenangkan laut untuk membantu Aeneas. Ia juga pernah bersekongkol menggulingkan Jupiter dan dihukum dengan diasingkan ke laut. Dalam ibadah Romawi, Neptune hanya memiliki satu kuil di Roma, dekat Circus Flaminius, dan merupakan satu dari empat dewa yang layak diberi kurban banteng. Neptunalia diadakan setiap 23 Juli saat puncak musim panas; orang Romawi berkurban agar kekurangan air mereda. Ia juga disembah sebagai Neptunus equestris, dewa kuda dan pelindung balap kuda. Nama Etruria untuknya adalah Nethuns.
Neptune is the Roman god of the sea and the counterpart of Greek Poseidon. One source says he was originally a god of fresh water who was associated with Poseidon early in Roman history, and another says he was likely linked to freshwater springs before the sea. He is the son of Saturn and Ops, husband of Salacia, and in the Greek-inspired tradition a brother of Jupiter and Pluto. The three drew lots for their realms: Neptune received the sea, Pluto the underworld, and Jupiter the sky. Neptune is said to dwell in a golden palace on the sea floor, ruling the gods, nymphs and creatures of the deep. A Roman bronze statue at The Met originally showed him leaning on a trident. He rode a dolphin or giant sea shell beside his wife, pulled by whales and seahorses and escorted by their son Triton. His trident is said to smash rocks, raise waves, create new bodies of water and call forth storms. Ancient authors differ on his demeanour: Ovid says he always looked sullen, while Virgil says he had a mild demeanour. In his stories Neptune creates the first horse with his trident in a contest with Minerva, sends a flood against Troy after King Laomedon refuses payment, and sends Minos a splendid bull and then punishes him. In the Aeneid he calms the sea to help Aeneas. He also once conspired to overthrow Jupiter and was punished by banishment to the sea. In Roman worship, Neptune had only one temple in Rome, near the Circus Flaminius, and was one of four gods considered fit recipients of a bull sacrifice. The Neptunalia was held every 23 July at the height of summer, when Romans offered sacrifices to ease water shortages. He was also worshipped as Neptunus equestris, god of horses and patron of horse-racing. His Etruscan name is Nethuns.
Fakta utama
- Budaya / Culture
- Tradisi Romawi kuno
- Kawasan / Region
- Eropa
- Klasifikasi / Classification
- Deity
- Habitat
- Water
- Kemampuan / Abilities
- Trisula Neptune
Nama lain / Alternate names
Neptunus equestris
Tahukah kamu? / Did you know?
Neptune adalah satu dari hanya empat dewa Romawi yang pantas diberi kurban banteng.
Neptune is one of only four Roman gods considered appropriate recipients of a bull sacrifice.